Technical Information

Stainless Steel Introduction

Stainless steel is an alloy which is iron-based and contains various combination of other elements to give it characteristics suitable for a wide range of applications. The element that makes stainless steel stainless is chromium. By definition, any steel which contains a minimum of 11% chromium is a stainless steel. The chromium content in the steel produces a rich, transparent oxide film which coats the steel and protects it from corrosion and oxidation.

Doubtless, the family of stainless steels withstands a greater variety of service environment than any other metal. The following properties of stainless steels give this group of alloys a high degree of versatility rendering them useful and valuable for a wide range of applications:

  • Corrosion resistance
  • Heat-resistance
  • Strength and toughness
  • Cryogenic property
  • Formability
  • Appearance
  • Ease of maintenance

The selection of stainless steel is however, based upon following three basic criteria in order of importance:

Corrosion Resistance: This is the prime reason for specifying stainless steel. The level of corrosion resistance required and the corrosive environment expected must be known. Corrosion data on various stainless steel are available in standard literature which may be referred to in this connection.

Mechanical Properties: Emphasis should be placed upon the alloy’s strength. This second criterion, along with the corrosion resistance, would designate in most of the cases the specific alloy for a particular application.

Fabricability: How the material is to be processed should also be known. This includes machining, welding, forming, cold heading etc.

Stainless Steel Classifications

There are three basic classes of stainless steels, so designated for the metallurgical conditions of the steels:

Class I : Martensitic – Heat Treatable, Straight Chromium
This class is so named for the man, Martens, who first examined metals microscopically. It is referred to as “Martensitic” because of its acicular or needle like microstructure in the hardened condition. Its chief alloying is chromium, found in amounts from 11.5 to 18.0%. it contains from 0.08 to 1.10% carbon. It is magnetic and responds excellently to heat treating, producing a hard and strong stainless steel.

Class II : Ferritic - Non-Heat Treatable, Straight Chromium
This class name is derived from the latin word "ferurn" meaning iron. It is so named because its micro-structure is very similar to that of low-carbon iron, it also utilizes chromium as its chief alloying-agent, being found in amounts from 14.0 to 27.0%. It has a very Isw carbon content of 0.8 to 2.0%. Due to its high chromium and low carbon content, ferritic alloys do not generally harden in high temperatures. t is magnetic alloy and is soft and ductile.

Class III : Austenitic - Non-Heat Treatable, Chromium-Nickel
The austenitic class derives its name from R beFis-Austen who first observed its characteristic banded grain structure. Its chief alloys are: chromium, found in amounts from 16.0 to 26.0% and an appreciable nickel content from 6.0 to 22.0%

This alloy cannot be heat treated, but responds excellently to cold working. It is generally non-magnetic. In the annealed condition, this alloy is tough, strong and extremely ductile. Austenite itself is soft and tough and remains ductile even at extreme low temperatures.

Extra-Low-Carbon (ELC) Grades
These alloys contain only approximately 0.3% carbon which is low enough to permit elimination of carbide precipitation during welding. These grades are not generally recommended for high-temperature utilization.

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Designation System

200's - Chromium - Nickel - Manganese Stainless Steel
This series is austenitic, non-heat treatable and non-magnetic.

300's - Chromium - Nickel Stainless Steel
This series is austenitic, non-heat treatable and non-magnetic.

400's - Chromium Stainless Steel
This series is martensitic, heat treatable and magnetic. It also includes types which are ferritic, non-heat treatable, and magnetic.

"L" at the end of the series number indicates low-carbon content (not exceeding .03%) Example: 304L

"F" at the end of the series number indicates the addition of a "free-machining" element. (Example: 440F)

"S" at the end of 309 or 310 type indicate carbon not exceeding .08%

"Ti" at the end of the series number denotes addition if titanium. (Example: 316Ti)

Stainless Steel Properties

Chemical Composition

AISI
  • 301
  • 304
  • 304L
  • 309
  • 309S
  • 310
  • 310S
  • 316
  • 316L
  • 317
  • 317L
  • 321
  • 347
  • 409
  • 430
  • 431
  • 410
  • 410S
  • 420
IS-6911
  • 10 Cr 17Ni 7
  • 04 Cr 18Ni 10
  • 02Cr 18 Ni 11
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • 04 Cr 17Ni 12 Mo2
  • 02 Cr 17Ni 12 Mo2
  • -
  • -
  • 04 Cr 18Ni 10 Ti20
  • -
  • -
  • 05 Cr 17
  • 15 Cr 16Ni2
  • 12 Cr 13
  • -
  • 20 Cr 13
C Max
  • 0.15
  • 0.08
  • 0.03
  • 0.20
  • 0.08
  • 0.25
  • 0.08
  • 0.08
  • 0.03
  • 0.08
  • 0.03
  • 0.08
  • 0.08
  • 0.08
  • 0.12
  • 0.20
  • 0.15
  • 0.08
  • **
Si Max
  • 1.00
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 1.50
  • 1.50
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 0.75
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
Mn Max
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 2.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
  • 1.00
Cr
  • 16.00/18.00
  • 18.00/20.00
  • 18.00/20.00
  • 22.00/24.00
  • 22.00/24.00
  • 24.00/26.00
  • 24.00/26.00
  • 16.00/18.00
  • 16.00/18.00
  • 18.00/20.00
  • 18.00/20.00
  • 17.00/19.00
  • 17.00/19.00
  • 10.50/11.75
  • 16.00/18.00
  • 15.00/17.00
  • 11.50/13.50
  • 11.50/13.50
  • 12.00/14.00
Ni
  • 6.00/8.00
  • 8.00/10.50
  • 8.00/12.00
  • 12.00/15.00
  • 12.00/15.00
  • 19.00/22.00
  • 19.00/22.00
  • 10.00/14.00
  • 10.00/14.00
  • 11.00/15.00
  • 11.00/15.00
  • 9.00/12.00
  • 9.00/13.00
  • 0.50 Max
  • 0.75 Max
  • 1.25/2.50
  • 0.75 Max
  • -
  • -
P Max
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.045
  • 0.040
  • 0.040
  • 0.040
  • 0.040
  • 0.040
S Max
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
  • 0.030
Other Elements
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • Mo2.00/3.00
  • Mo2.00/3.00
  • Mo3.00/4.00
  • Mo3.00/4.00
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  ** Carbon exceeding .15%

Mechanical Properties

Grade Designation AISI
  • 301
  • 302
  • 304
  • 304L
  • 309
  • 309S
  • 310
  • 310S
  • 316
  • 316L
  • 317
  • 317L
  • 321
  • 347
  • 409
  • 430
  • 410
  • 410S
Condition
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
  • Annealed
Uts
N/mm2
  • 515
  • 515
  • 515
  • 485
  • 515
  • 515
  • 515
  • 515
  • 515
  • 485
  • 515
  • 515
  • 515
  • 515
  • 380
  • 450
  • 450
  • 415
0.2% Proof Stress N/mm2
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 170
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 170
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
  • 205
% Elongation on 50mm GL
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 40
  • 20
  • 22*
  • 22*
  • 22*
Hardness
RB Max
  • 88
  • 92
  • 92
  • 88
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 95
  • 92
  • 80
  • 88
  • 95
  • 88
  * 20% Min for Thickness less than 1.25 mm

Physical Properties

AISI
  • 301
  • 304
  • 304L
  • 309
  • 309S
  • 310
  • 310S
  • 316
  • 316L
  • 317
  • 317L
  • 321
  • 347
  • 409
  • 430
  • 410
  • 420
Density
gm/cm3
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 8.0
  • 7.7
  • 7.8
  • 7.8
  • 7.8
Specific Electrical
Resistance at 20°C
  • 72
  • 72
  • 72
  • 78
  • 78
  • 78
  • 78
  • 74
  • 74
  • 74
  • 74
  • 72
  • 73
  • 60
  • 60
  • 57
  • 55
Specific Heat
(0-1000°C)
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.49
  • 0.50
  • 0.50
  • 0.46
  • 0.46
  • 0.46
  • 0.46
Thermal Conductivity
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 14.24
  • 14.24
  • 14.24
  • 14.24
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 16.33
  • 25.12
  • 25.95
  • 25.12
  • 25.12
Coeff of Thermal Expansion
  • 17.0
  • 17.3
  • 17.3
  • 15.0
  • 15.0
  • 15.9
  • 15.9
  • 15.9
  • 15.9
  • 16.0
  • 14.4
  • 16.6
  • 16.6
  • 11.7
  • 10.4
  • 9.9
  • 10.3


Other Characteristics

AISI
  • 301
  • 304
  • 304L
  • 309
  • 309S
  • 310
  • 310S
  • 316
  • 316L
  • 317
  • 317L
  • 321
  • 347
  • 409
  • 410
  • 420
Abrasion
Resistance
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
Cloud Forming
Drawing & Stamping
  • Good
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Good
  • Fair
  • Fair
  • Fair
Weldability
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Good
  • Excellent
  • Good
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Excellent
  • Fair
  • Fair
  • Fair
Metling Temp. Range°C
  • 1400-1420
  • 1400-1450
  • 1400-1450
  • 1400-1450
  • 1400-1450
  • 1400-1450
  • 1400-1450
  • 1370-1400
  • 1370-1400
  • 1370-1400
  • 1425-1430
  • 1400-1430
  • 1400-1430
  • 1425-1510
  • 1480-1530
  • 1430-1510
Scaling
Temp .DC
  • 800
  • 900
  • 900
  • 1100
  • 1100
  • 1100
  • 1100
  • 900
  • 900
  • 870
  • 925
  • 900
  • 900
  • 700
  • 700
  • 800


Relative Corrosion Resistance

AISI
  • 301
  • 302
  • 304
  • 304L
  • 309
  • 309S
  • 310
  • 310S
  • 316
  • 316L
  • 317
  • 317L
  • 321
  • 347
  • 409
  • 430
  • 410
  • 420
Mild and
Fresh Water
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
Industrial
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
Marine
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
Salt Water
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
Mild
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
Oxidising
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x
Reducing
  • x
  • x
  • x
  • x


  'X' Indicates that the grade is resistant to the corrosive environment

Stainless Steel - Application

AISI 301
An austenitic stainless steel, which because of its ability to attain high strength and ductility through moderate or severe cold working, can be used for automobile trims, conveyor belts, transportation cars such as railway coaches, metal fixtures for construction purposes, roof drainage products, storm door frames and tableware.

AISI 304
It is the most widely used austenitic stainless steel. Popularly known as 18/8 stainless steel, it has excellent corrosion resistance and forming characteristics. Used in chemical, petrochemical and fertiliser industries and as equipment in dairy, food processing, pharmaceutical industries, in hospitals, households as kitchenware, cryogenic vessels and as heat exchangers, for machinery in paper, pulp, textile and beverage sectors.

AISI 304L
An austenitic stainless steel similar to AlSI 304 with less carbon (0.03%max) is used in place of AISI 304 for improved resistance to inter-granular corrosion. It is used for parts and structures which cannot be heat treated for stress relieving after welding.

AISI 309 / AISI 309S
These are austenitic stainless steels which are strong and tough. Because of their higher nickel and chromium content, these are used for applications requiring high scaling resistance and corrosion resistance. They find their use for air heaters, annealing boxes, bake oven equipment, boiler oven equipment, boiler baffle plates, carburising boxes, chemical processing equipment, dryers,exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, gas turbine parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, oil burner parts, oven equipment, petroleum refining equipment, etc.

AISI 310 / AISI 310S
These are austenitic types with higher chromium and nickel content than 309/309S. Because of their relatively high creep strength and mechanical properties at higher temperatures these steels find their applications for higher temperatures and severe service conditions. Used for air heaters, annealing boxes, ovens, carburizing boxes, fire box sheets, furnace linings, furnace stacks and dampers, gas turbine parts, heat exchangers, kiln linings, nozzle diaphragm assemblies for turbo jet engines, oil burner parts, paper mill equipment, oil refinery equipment, recuperators and so on.

AISI 316
An austenitic stainless steel with 2.0 to 3.0% Mo. which improves corrosion resistance and imparts hot strength characteristics. Used for applications requiring resistance to pitting corrosion in halogen atmospheres. Typical applications: architectural trims, marine exteriors, chemical processing equipment, food processing equipment, petroleum refining equipment, pharmaceutical equipment, photographic equipment, pulp and paper processing equipment, textile finishing equipment, etc.

AISI 316L
An austenitic stainless steel modification of type AISI 316 (contains a maximum of 0.03 percent carbon) with reduced tendency towards carbide precipitation without addition of a stabilizing element. Recommended for parts which cannot be heat treated after welding.

AISI 317 / AISI317L
These are austenitic stainless steels which are modifications of type AISI 316/AIS1316L and offer increased chromium, nickel and molybdenum ranges for improved corrosion resistance. The steels were developed to resist attack of sulphurous acid compounds. They resist pitting in phosphoric and acetic acids. Application include paper pulp handling equipment, process equipment for producing photographic chemicals, bleaching solutions and handling s lphurous, acetic, formic, citric and tartaric acids. They have the best corrosion resistance to body acids and blood and are recommended for surgical bone applications.

AISI 321
An austenitic stainless steel similar to AISI 304 but stabilized with titanium to avoid inter-granular corrosion. Type AISI 321 resists scaling and vibration fatigue. It is used for aircraft exhaust stacks and manifolds, pressure vessels, large mufflers for stationery diesel engines, carburetors, expansion bellows, stack liners, fire walls, etc.

AISI 347
An austenitic stainless steel similar to AISI 321 but stabilised by Columbium which does not appreciably reduce the overall corrosion resistance. Recommended in the range of 420° to 900°C for parts fabricated by welding and which cannot be subsequently annealed. Applications include airplane exhaust stacks, welded tanks for chemicals, heat resistors, jet engine parts, expansion bellows, etc.

AISI 409
It is the lowest alloyed straight Chromium ferritic stainless steel. It replaces carbon steels and low alloy steels where heat, corrosion resistance and higher strength are required and where appearance is secondary. It is used for fins in heater tubes, transformer and capacitor cases, dry fertilizer spreaders, automotive exhaust system including mufflers, resonators, silencers, pipes and emission control units, high pressure agricultural spray tanks, culverts, shipping containers and farm equipment.

AISI 410 / 410S
AISl 410 is the most commonly used 12% Chromium martensitic stainless steel. Excellent combination of toughness and strength can be developed through proper heat treatment. This steel has better corrosion resistance in the hardened condition. It is a good choice when good formability and high strength are required and the end use demands resistance to mildly corrosive environment. It is used for furnace parts and burners operating below 650°c, micrometer parts, tray supports, caps and vaporizers in petroleum fractionating towers, lining for reaction chambers, coal screens, fishing tackles, keys, lamp brackets, rulers and tapes, wall screens, steam turbine buckets, blades, bucket covers, pump parts, petrochemical equipment and press plates. Type AISI 410S is a low carbon modification of AlSI 410.

AISI 420
This Steel contains min. 0.5% C and 12% Cr. It can be thermally hardened to develop very high strength. Extremely useful for cutlery. Other applications include vegetable choppers, scissors, shears, tweezers, hand tools, dental and surgical instruments, etc.

AISI 430
AISI 430 with 16-18% Cr. is inferior to AISI 304 as regards deep drawability. Though it does not have good corrosion resistance properties as the Cr-Ni steels, it is used under less severe corrosive atmospheres for chemical processing equipment, furnace parts, heat exchangers, oil burner parts, petroleum refining equipment. pyrometers, protection tubes, recuperators, rubber plant machinery, scientific apparatus, storage vessels, tubing, television cones, electrical appliances, solar water /heaters, air conditioners, kitchenware, household appliances, decorative trims, parts for washing machines etc.

Stainless Steel - Pipe Dimensions

NOMINAL BORE SIZE MM
  • 6
  • 8
  • 10
  • 15
  • 20
  • 25
  • 32
  • 40
  • 50
  • 65
  • 80
  • 90
  • 100
  • 125
  • 150
  • 200
  • 250
  • 300
  • 350
  • 400
  • 450
  • 500
  • 550
  • 600
NOMINAL BORE SIZE Inches
    • 1/8"
    • 1/4"
    • 3/8"
    • 1.2"
    • 3/4"
    • 1"
    • 1 1/4"
    • 1 1/2"
    • 2"
    • 2 1/2"
    • 3"
    • 3 1/2"
    • 4"
    • 5"
    • 6"
    • 8"
    • 10"
    • 12"
    • 14"
    • 16"
    • 18"
    • 20"
    • 22"
    • 24"
OUTSIDE DIAMETER MM
    • 10.29
    • 13.72
    • 17.15
    • 21.34
    • 26.67
    • 33.4
    • 42.16
    • 48.26
    • 60.30
    • 73.03
    • 88.90
    • 101.60
    • 114.30
    • 141.30
    • 168.28
    • 219.18
    • 273.05
    • 323.85
    • 355.60
    • 406.44
    • 457.20
    • 508.00
    • 558.80
    • 609.60
Schedule 5s Wall MM
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • 1.65
  • 1.65
  • 1.65
  • 1.65
  • 1.65
  • 1.65
  • 2.11
  • 2.11
  • 2.11
  • 2.11
  • 2.77
  • 2.77
  • 2.77
  • 3.40
  • 3.96
  • 3.96
  • 4.19
  • 4.19
  • 4.78
  • 4.78
  • 5.54
Schedule 5s Wall Kg/Mtr
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • 0.817
  • 1.030
  • 1.310
  • 1.670
  • 1.910
  • 2.410
  • 3.750
  • 4.590
  • 5.180
  • 5.930
  • 9.600
  • 11.500
  • 15.000
  • 23.000
  • 31.800
  • 34.900
  • 42.300
  • 47.600
  • 60.400
  • 66.150
  • 83.630
Schedule 10s Wall MM
  • 1.25
  • 1.65
  • 1.65
  • 2.11
  • 2.11
  • 2.77
  • 2.77
  • 2.77
  • 2.77
  • 3.05
  • 3.05
  • 3.05
  • 3.05
  • 3.40
  • 3.40
  • 3.76
  • 4.19
  • 4.57
  • 4.73
  • 4.78
  • 4.78
  • 5.54
  • 5.54
  • 6.35
Schedule 10s Wall Kg/Mtr
  • 0.279
  • 0.499
  • 0.640
  • 1.016
  • 1.300
  • 2.120
  • 2.730
  • 3.150
  • 4.000
  • 5.340
  • 6.550
  • 7.410
  • 8.490
  • 11.700
  • 14.000
  • 20.300
  • 28.300
  • 36.600
  • 42.100
  • 48.200
  • 54.300
  • 69.900
  • 76.580
  • 95.770
Schedule 40s Wall MM
  • 1.73
  • 2.24
  • 2.31
  • 2.77
  • 2.87
  • 3.38
  • 3.56
  • 3.68
  • 3.91
  • 5.16
  • 5.49
  • 5.74
  • 6.02
  • 6.55
  • 7.11
  • 8.18
  • 9.27
  • 9.52
  • 9.52
  • 9.52
  • 9.52
  • 9.52
  • 9.52
  • 9.52
Schedule 40s Wall Kg/Mtr
  • 0.365
  • 0.645
  • 0.858
  • 1.288
  • 1.714
  • 2.540
  • 3.440
  • 4.110
  • 5.520
  • 8.770
  • 11.450
  • 13.600
  • 16.100
  • 22.090
  • 28.650
  • 43.300
  • 61.400
  • 75.100
  • 82.420
  • 94.520
  • 106.610
  • 118.710
  • 130.810
  • 142.910
Schedule 80s Wall MM
  • 2.42
  • 3.02
  • 3.20
  • 3.73
  • 3.91
  • 4.55
  • 4.85
  • 5.08
  • 5.54
  • 7.01
  • 7.62
  • 8.08
  • 8.56
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
Schedule 80s Wall Kg/Mtr
  • 0.470
  • 0.811
  • 1.117
  • 1.640
  • 2.230
  • 3.290
  • 4.540
  • 5.490
  • 7.590
  • 11.570
  • 15.480
  • 18.600
  • 22.300
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -

Piping Specification


 ASTM SPECIFICATIONS

  ALLOWABLE OUTSIDE DIAMETER VARIATIONS IN MM
ALLOWABLE WALL
THICKNESS VARIATIONS

TESTING
ASTM A-213
Seamless Ferritic
and
Austenitic Tubes
Nominal Diameter
under 25.4 mm

25.4-38.1 inclu

38.1-50.8 exclu
50.8-63.5 exclu

63.5-76.2 exclu

76.2-101.6 inclu
Over
.1016

.1524

.2032
.254

.3048

.381
Under
.1016

.1524

.2032
.254

.3048

.381
%
+20%
-0
+20%
-0
+22%
+22%
0
+22%
-0
+22%
-0




Refer to
ASTM A-450

ASTMA-249
Welded Heat
Exchanger
and Condenser
Tubes

Under 25.4 mm
38.1-50.8 inclu
50.8-63.5 inclu
63.5-76.2 inclu
76.2-101.6 inclu

.1016
.1524
.2002
.254
.304
.381

.1016
.1524
.2002
.254
.304
.381

+10%
+10%
+10%
+10%
+10%
+10%


Refer to
ASTM A-450

ASTMA-269
Seamless and
Welded Austenitic
S.S. Tubes

Upto 12.7 mm
12.7 to 38.1 mm
38.10 to 88.9 mm
88.9 to 139.7 mm
139.7 to 203.2 mm

0.13
0.13
0.25
0.38
0.76

0.13
0.13
0.25
0.38
0.76

+10%
+10%
+10%
+10%
+10%


Refer to
ASTM A-450

ASTM A-312
Seamless and
Welded
Austenitic Tubes

13.72-48.26 mm
60.33-114.3 mm
141.3-219.08 mm
168.28-219.08 mm
273.05-373.85 mm


+0.40-0.79
+0.79-0.79
1.59-0.79
+1.59-0.79
+2.38-0.79


-12.5%


Refer to
ASTM A-530

ASTM A-358
Welded
Austenitic Pipe


219.08-750 mm

+0.5%


-0.3 mm


Refer to
ASTM A-530

ASTM A-409
Welded
Austenitic Pipe


355.6-750 mm

+0.2%-+0.4%


-0.46 mm


Refer to
ASTM A-530

Formula to find weight of Stainless Steel Sheets / Plates

Weight of sheet / plate in Kgs per square metre = Tx8
T= Thickness of steel / plate in mm

Formula to find weight of Stainless Steel Bars

Weight of Bars in Kgs per metre
ROUNDS = Dia x Dia / 4 x 0.02466
HEXAGONS = Dia x Dia / 4 x 0.02719
SQUARES = Dia x Dia / 4 x 0.03140
Note:
All dimensions are in mm only. For Hexagon and Square size is taken from flat to flat
Dia - Diameter of bar in mm

Formula to find weight of Stainless Steel Tube / Pipes

Weight of tube / pipe in Kgs per metre = ( OD-T) x T x 0.2503
OD - Outer dia of pipe / tube in mm
T - Thickness of Pipe / Tube in mm